General Information

  • ID:  hor002086
  • Uniprot ID:  P13190
  • Protein name:  Insulin A chain
  • Gene name:  INS
  • Organism:  Callorhinchus milii (Ghost shark)
  • Family:  Insulin family
  • Source:  Animal
  • Expression:  NA
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Callorhinchus (genus), Callorhinchidae (family), Chimaeriformes (order), Holocephali (subclass), Chondrichthyes (class), Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005179 hormone activity
  • GO BP:  GO:0005975 carbohydrate metabolic process; GO:0006006 glucose metabolic process; GO:0007165 signal transduction
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  GIVEQCCHNTCSLVNLEGYCN
  • Length:  21(69-89)
  • Propeptide:  VPTQRLCGSHLVDALYFVCGERGFFYSPKQIRDVGPLSAFRDLEPPLDTEMEDRFPYRQQLAGSKMKRGIVEQCCHNTCSLVNLEGYCN
  • Signal peptide:  NA
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  insr
  • Target Unid:  A0A4W3HGM8
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  45819
  • Structure ID:  AF-P13190-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor002086_AF2.pdbhor002086_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 265653 Formula: C93H147N27O33S4
Absent amino acids: ADFKMPRW Common amino acids: C
pI: 4.25 Basic residues: 1
Polar residues: 12 Hydrophobic residues: 5
Hydrophobicity: 12.86 Boman Index: -2001
Half-Life: 30 hour Half-Life Yeast: >20 hour
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 83.33
Instability Index: 2573.33 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 1740
Absorbance 280nm: 87

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  2690815
  • Title:  Isolation and structural characterization of insulin and glucagon from the holocephalan species Callorhynchus milii (elephantfish).